403(b)s and CITs—Yes or No?

ERISA consultants at the Retirement Learning Center (RLC) Resource Desk regularly receive calls from financial advisors on a broad array of technical topics related to IRAs, qualified retirement plans and other types of retirement savings and income plans, including nonqualified plans, stock options, and Social Security and Medicare.  We bring Case of the Week to you to highlight the most relevant topics affecting your business.  

A recent call with a financial advisor from New York dealt with a question on 403(b) plans and collective investment trusts (CITs). The advisor asked: “I’ve heard conflicting statements on whether SECURE Act 2.0 allows 403(b) plans to invest in collective investment trusts (CITs). Can you answer the question definitively?”

Highlights of Discussion 

The ability for 403(b)s to invest in CITs is regulated by both the IRS under the tax code and the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) under the Securities Act of 1933 (The ’33 Act), the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940 (The ’40 Act). Section 128 of SECURE Act 2.0 of 2022 (SECURE 2.0) doesamend the IRS’s Internal Revenue Code (IRC) at section 403(b)(7) to allow 403(b) plans to invest in CITs, effective January 1, 2023 (see page 872 for Section 128).  

However, Section 128 of SECURE 2.0, as enacted, does not, simultaneously, amend The ’33 Act [specifically, Section 3(a)(2)], the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 [specifically, Section 3(a)(12)(C)] and The ’40 Act [specifically, Section 3(c)(11)], to allow 403(b)s to have CITs.  An earlier version of the provision (at that time Section 104), passed by the House of Representatives, would have made conforming amendments across all governing sources. When the dust settled, only the language amending the IRC remained in the final version of the law signed on December 29, 2022.  

Conclusion

While amendments pursuant to SECURE Act 2.0 allow 403(b) plans to invest in CITs from the IRS’s perspective, SEC rules still prohibit such investing practices at this time.1